Good news has emerged from conservation efforts in the Mount Muria region. The population of the Javan Hawk-Eagle (Nisaetus bartelsi), one of Indonesia's endangered endemic species, is reported to have increased significantly. Based on the latest monitoring, the number of these birds of prey, which serve as the country's national symbol, is now estimated to have reached 20 individuals, up from the previous record of only around 14.
This population increase was confirmed by the Chairman of the Muria Nature Conservation Activists (Peka), Teguh Budi Wiyono. He explained that this finding was obtained from intensive observations at several new monitoring points in the mountainous area. The Peka team routinely monitors their movements, flight paths, and nest locations to ensure their population dynamics are well maintained.
Interestingly, the Javan Hawk-Eagles on Mount Muria exhibit unusual behavior compared to their counterparts in other regions. While most Javan Hawk-Eagles tend to stay deep within dense forests, several individuals in the Muria area are frequently observed flying close to the borders of human settlements, even though their nests remain in safe forest zones.
Mount Muria is not only home to the Javan Hawk-Eagle, but also to at least eight other species of birds of prey, such as the Black Eagle, the Crested Serpent Eagle, and even the unique presence of the White-bellied Sea Eagle, which typically inhabits coastal areas. Overall, collaborative research between Peka Muria, the Djarum Foundation, and Burung Indonesia recorded approximately 118 bird species living in this mountain ecosystem.
To ensure their preservation, a structured monitoring program has been planned through 2026. The observation focus for 2024 is directed at all bird species, continuing with specific eagle monitoring in 2025, and focusing on eagle nests in 2026 during the breeding season from May to October. With the national population estimated at only 300 to 500 individuals remaining in Java and Bali, the presence of 20 Javan Hawk-Eagles in Muria makes it one of the crucial strongholds for this species.
Alongside birds of prey, Mount Muria's biodiversity is supported by the presence of large mammals like the Javan Leopard, whose population is estimated to reach 14 individuals. The presence of this apex predator coexisting with deer, long-tailed macaques, and wildcats highlights the importance of the sustainable protection of the Muria forest area for the survival of the local ecosystem.
