Tech giant Nvidia Corp. is facing tough market challenges after its market capitalization shrank by $1 trillion in less than two months. This decline brings the chipmaker's stock valuation back to levels not seen since before the artificial intelligence (AI) trend triggered an exponential price surge in the global stock market.

Although Nvidia's graphics processing units (GPUs) still hold a dominant control over AI data center infrastructure, investor sentiment appears to be shifting. Nvidia's share price has fallen 16% since reaching its peak on May 14. This phenomenon was triggered by massive sell-offs from investors who are now starting to look at competing semiconductor manufacturers, particularly those in the memory sector, as part of a portfolio rebalancing strategy.

Data from Bloomberg shows the significant impact of the sell-off on the company's valuation. Currently, Nvidia is trading at a price-to-earnings (P/E) ratio of 18 times the projected earnings for the next 12 months. This marks a new historical milestone as Nvidia was last valued this cheaply in early 2019.

This shift in valuation puts Nvidia in a rather unique position in today's capital market. In fact, Nvidia's share price is now relatively cheaper than the S&P 500 index, which trades at over 20 times earnings, as well as the Nasdaq 100 Index, which is dominated by big tech companies with a ratio close to 23 times earnings. This condition reflects increasingly selective market dynamics in response to the euphoria of the AI tech sector.