The World Health Organization (WHO) categorizes dengue fever as an increasingly alarming global health threat. Recent reports show a drastic increase in the prevalence of this disease, with millions of cases recorded worldwide. In Vietnam, the situation has become increasingly urgent after a 2.5-fold surge in cases was recorded in just the first five months of 2026 compared to the same period the previous year.
Changing transmission patterns pose a serious challenge for health authorities. The disease, caused by viruses transmitted by Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus mosquitoes, no longer follows traditional seasonal cycles, but instead develops sporadically from the beginning of the year. Furthermore, dengue is no longer limited to children; data shows that the incidence in adults is now almost equivalent to the pediatric population.
The risk of serious complications is a main focus for experts. Re-infection with a different virus serotype is known to increase the potential severity of the disease. Many patients fall into complacency, assuming their condition is improving when the fever subsides on the third to fifth day. In reality, this phase is the most critical period, vulnerable to complications such as hemorrhagic shock, severe bleeding, and multi-organ failure.
Long-term post-treatment impacts cannot be overlooked either. Survivors of severe dengue frequently report neurological disorders such as difficulty concentrating, sleep disturbances, and depression. Beyond the physical health burden, the treatment costs for severe cases requiring intensive care can place an enormous economic strain on families and healthcare systems.
Facing this threat, health authorities are now beginning to integrate artificial intelligence (AI)-based early warning systems and promote the use of vaccines as a new line of defense. The Vietnamese government itself is preparing a pilot immunization program to significantly reduce case numbers. The public is urged not to self-medicate and to seek immediate medical assistance if experiencing symptoms such as persistent vomiting or unusual bleeding.
